Managing People During The Construction Sector - 1515 Words

INTRODUCTION Managing people employed in the construction sector is one of the most problematic areas from a HR point of view. As a result, the normal HRM viewpoints and practices applied in other businesses or industries is limited in this sector. The construction sector is now so ‘project-management’ sub-contracting based that the whole idea of HRM is amidst in the shadows. Indeed, the operational realities faced by construction organisations mean that all too often the needs of employees are subjugated by performance concerns (Dainty and Loosemore, 2012). This can be potentially catastrophic for the person as an individual, the company/firm the person is employed with and ultimately, the construction sector as a whole. The construction industry in the most recent past been highly invested in trying to keep clients satisfied rather than employees. Yet it has long been recognised that the way employees are managed can have important implications for organisational performance and can even be a differentiator between successful and unsuccessful organisations (Marchington and Wilkinson, 2012) To understand and appreciate how Human Resource management is changing within the Construction Sector, this report will briefly focus on each of the key elements; 1. Human Focus 2. Resource Focus 3. Management Focus. and in this case focusing primarily on Resources. DISCUSSION Before discussing Human Resource Management from Resource a perspective, I will briefly touchShow MoreRelatedHuman Resource Management And Construction Industry1235 Words   |  5 Pagesworld for improving the living standards of human kind, whereas construction industry is providing efficient structures for domestic living, travel and business purposes. The construction industry is considered very risky field of operation due to more physical labour required for completing the projects. There are different stages of construction projects, whereas large number of workforce is completing these stages of construction projects. The management of employees is important for any kindRead MoreRoles And Responsibilities Of A Project1174 Words   |  5 Pagesand this is where the allocation of roles and responsibilities arises. Virtually, every aspect of the project requires human input including the technological ones as individuals configure and manage the systems. Since, projects involve s multiple people termed as stakeholders, the formation of networks that engages in information sharing and decision making is inevitable (Harrison Lock, 2004). Thus, for the project to succeed with multiple individuals playing different roles, there needs to beRead MoreThe Expo 2020 Core Theme, Connecting Minds, Creating The Future1403 Words   |  6 Pagesinnovation are required to create more integrated solutions in transportation and logistics systems. Mobility is one of the core drivers of prosperity and growth as efficient and robust transportation logistics systems are the lifelines that connect people, goods, and services around the world. Sustainability: It has become increasingly important to innovate in the production, delivery, and consumption of water and energy. Improving access to these precious natural resources through responsible conservationRead MoreThe Delhi Metro Project Management1238 Words   |  5 Pagesthe way a project of that magnitude was handled. It’s the best project management carried out for a Govt. sector project, in India, which was completed in time and within the budget. The first step in the project management of any project is to constitute a project team. And DMRC did it exactly the way it was required. THE TEAM (During phase 1and Phase2) Chairman- Ramachandran 1. Managing Director – Dr. E. Sreedharan 2. Total No. of Directors - 16 3. Nominee of Govt. of India - 5 4. Nominee ofRead MoreInternational Bank For Reconstruction And Development1442 Words   |  6 Pagesmanagement and governance capacities. Capital and support for the private sector in developing countries is provided by a second member of the World Bank Group that was founded in 1956, the International Finance Corporation. Currently the World Bank has 1,712 projects being run at 19,434 locations worldwide and for the governance and management the Bank views codifies projects as being within one or more components of 10 Sector areas. Each project is then also categorized as addressing one orRead MoreInternational Bank For Reconstruction And Development1442 Words   |  6 Pagesmanagement and governance capacities. Capital and support for the private sector in developing countries is provided by a second member of the World Bank Group that was founded in 1956, the International Finance Corporation. Currently the World Bank has 1,712 projects being run at 19,434 locations worldwide and for the governance and management the Bank views codifies projects as being within one or more components of 10 Sector areas. Each project is then also categorized as addressing one orRead MoreRole Of Risk Management On A Business Essay1189 Words   |  5 Pagesthe business from a small to a corporate company can prepare in the event when they recognize what they are. According to Downer Group (2015) itself: â€Å"Downer offers services in the infrastructure maintenance, engineering, construction, telecommunications, mining and resource sectors. A range of services to its customers is being provided across the whole process of their physical infrastructure assets. At Downer, customers are the main focal point in everything that they do. A mutual relationship betweenRead MoreCase Study : Business Entrepreneurship Principles1730 Words   |  7 PagesHarrisburg University Submitted to Dr. Stanley Chinedum Nwoji Page Break Case Study- 3 Now a day s generation is changing rapidly so as new technologies were aware. As the technology comes, new industries are built in different sectors. This case study is about industries that are growing in the United States. How they are growing and what are the reasons and problems they are facing while developing a company is mentioned in this case. From the Startup This case studyRead MoreProject Management Principles Of A Project Manager Essay1319 Words   |  6 Pages1. Introduction Construction projects have always been a very important part of human civilisation. For handling a construction project there need men, money, machinery, material and management. The project would be successful when the project manager has these five variables under control. The key to project success is to pick the right project manager. A right project manager is the person who manages the triple constraints (cost, quality and time), scope and safety for the project to be plannedRead MoreConstruction Of The Construction Industry1545 Words   |  7 PagesINTRODUCTION The Construction industry in the United States is a well-known sector of the Country’s economy. This sector of the economy has made tremendous impact as a result of the seasoned professionals who have come together in their various set skills to carry out functions as it relates to them. These professions usually comprises of the Architect, Project Managers, Construction Managers, Estimators etc. According to (14), $650 billion was contributed to the construction industry of United

Nik’s CATIA V5 Tips and Techniques Free Essays

The following is an archive of Nik’s CATIA V5 Tips and Techniques. To unleash the full functionality of CATIA V5, attend an AscendBridge CATIA Course or request a one day mentoring at your site. Call 1-888-326-TEAM or email catia@ascendbridge. We will write a custom essay sample on Nik’s CATIA V5 Tips and Techniques or any similar topic only for you Order Now com #1 Tips and Technique Q: Do you know how to convert a 2D drawing view (in dwg format) into a 3D Part using Advance Part Modeling options of CATIA V5? A: You Can use any 2D view with various drawing objects (even in dwg format) to create a 3D Solid. Copy the 2D view from CATIA drafting screen into Sketcher as sketch. As the sketch contains multiple Profiles you can not make a solid feature by simply selecting the given sketch, as a error prompts: Several Open Profiles If you select Yes the Feature definition box appears. Right click in blue area in front of ‘Profile/Surface Selection’ Click on ‘Go to Profile Definition’ in Contextual menu Profile Definition Dialog Box opens Select the Part of Sketch you want to use for that feature. You can go on creating other features using same sketch but different sub profiles to make the final 3D Part. This method also helps in reducing the number of sketches in your Part history tree while modeling complex solids and better management of features using sketches. AscendBridge Solutions Inc. 1-888-326-TEAM www. ascendbridge. com Nik’s CATIA V5 Tips and Techniques #2 Tip and Technique Q: Did you know that designers can key in values in combination of units or in formulas in CATIA V5 dialog boxes? A: You can key in values in any CATIA V5 dialog box in the following formats irrespective of the Standard set units. For example if the length Units are set in mm and you are keying in the value for PAD length (as shown in Fig-1A) You can key in 10in and the PAD will measure 254mm (as shown in Fig-1B) AscendBridge Solutions Inc. 1-888-326-TEAM www. ascendbridge. com Nik’s CATIA V5 Tips and Techniques Also try to key in ((5in*6)/4)+9mm+500micron and click Preview the PAD will measure 200mm. The software automatically computes the entered value (even in the form of complex formula with combined units) equal to the units set in the CATPart and generate features with correct computed measurements. AscendBridge Solutions Inc. 1-888-326-TEAM www. ascendbridge. com Nik’s CATIA V5 Tips and Techniques 3 Tip and Technique Q: Do you know how to create a Hole with reference to center of another Hole in a Block or Plate using hole feature in CATIA V5? A: You can create a Hole with reference to center of another Hole in a Block or Plate using HOLE feature in CATIA V5 by following this procedure: †¢ †¢ †¢ HOLE Command Select the face of Block / Plate Select the Sketcher Icon †¢ †¢ Rotat e the view Create two constraints Horizontal Measure Vertical Measure between Axis of previous hole and the Center Point of new Hole †¢ †¢ Exit the Sketcher Work-bench and OK in Hole Dialog-box. New hole located from center of previous hole is created. AscendBridge Solutions Inc. 1-888-326-TEAM www. ascendbridge. com Nik’s CATIA V5 Tips and Techniques #4 Tip and Technique Q: Do you know how to create multiple corners on a complex Profile, of equal radius and related to each other in CATIA V5 Sketcher? A: You can create multiple corners on selected points on a Profile in one step by following this procedure: †¢ Draw a required complex Profile in CATIA V5 Sketcher (as shown in Fig-1) †¢ Multi-select all the points on the Profile where the corners are required and select the Corner icon. Key in Radius value (as shown in Fig-2) The corners are created at all the selected points on the profile with given radius. (as shown in Fig-3) †¢ For modifying the radius of all the corners in one step just double click on first selected corner (without f(x) symbol) and key in the new value all the corners get updated to new value. The all corners created on the profile with this method are related to the first selected corner with a formula. But if required the formula can be modified or deleted in order to change the radius of any corner independent of the others. AscendBridge Solutions Inc. 1-888-326-TEAM www. ascendbridge. com How to cite Nik’s CATIA V5 Tips and Techniques, Papers

Data Input, Output and Storage Essay Example For Students

Data Input, Output and Storage Essay DATA INPUT METHODS: Printed questionnaires – Depending on the type of questionnaires some form of optical data reading dives would be the best method. An OMR or Optical Mark Reader can be used in conjunction with special paper called mark sense form in order to easily input data from questionnaires where people just simply mark their answer from an already defined set of answers to a question. Another type of optical data reading that can be used with questionnaires is called OCR or optical character reader. This type of can be used when the answers to questions are hand written. According to the Data Identification Systems website (Data Identification, 2003) OCR is a much faster form of data input then keystroke data entry, not only is it faster but it is also generally more reliable and more efficient. Telephone survey – The best way to input data from a telephone survey would be through the use of voice recognition devices. Voice recognition devices are used to record and convert speech into text using special software. Bank Checks – The best method of data input for bank checks is to use what is called MICR or Magnetic Ink Character Recognition. In this method characters are printed on check using specialized ink or toner which a sorter or scanner can then read by the inks magnetic signal. Retail Tags – The best method of data input for retail tags in through the use of Bar Coding. Bar coding is the method in which merchandise information is printed onto a tag or the item itself using a bar code. This bar code can then be read later by using a bar code scanner that turns the bar code into readable text such as the items type, name, price, or product number. This method is a great way to keep track of inventory and inventory sales. Long Documents – The best method of data input for long documents are through the use of scanners. A scanner is used to make digital photo copies of paper documents which can then be stored, sent, or read in many different file types such as a .pdf format. This method greatly reduces the time it would take for a person to manually type all the information using a keyboard as well as reducing the space it would take to store the paper documents. DATA Click the button above to view the complete essay, speech, term paper, or research paper

Sieve Analysis Test Lab Report Sample

Sieve Analysis Test Lab Report Paper The objective of this experiment is to obtain the grading curve for both fine and coarse aggregate. 1. Balance balance or scale used in testing fine and coarse aggregates shall have readability and accuracy as follows: For fine aggregate, readable to 0. 1 g and accurate to 0. 1 g or 0. 1 % of the test load. For coarse aggregate, or mixtures of fine and coarse aggregate, readable and accurate to SO g or 0. 1 % of the test load. 2. Sieves the sizes and apertures appropriate to the specification tot the material being tested, complying with BBS 410: For coarse aggregate, standard vive size of 50. Mm, 37. 5 mm, 20. 0 mm, 14. 0 mm, 10. 0 mm, 5. 0 mm and 2. 36 mm (Fig. CLC-l), Poor fine aggregate, standard sieve size of ICC mm, 5. 00 mm, 2,36 mm, 1. 18 mm, mm, 300 m and 150 m (Fig. ICC-2). 3. Mechanical Sieve Shaker a mechanical sieving device, used to create vibration of the sieve to cause the particles to bounce. 4. Oven an oven of appropriate size capable of maintaining a uniform tem perature of Acoustic. PROCEDURES Fine Aggregate I. Representative sample was chosen by quartering (according to BBS 812: Part 102: 1984) or by use of a sample splitter (Fig. CO-3). The sample to be tested should be the approximate weight desired when dry. For this experiment, about 500 grams of fine aggregate was weighed. 2. The samples was dried to constant weight in the furnace at a temperature of 1050 C. 3. The samples was cooled down. The desired sieves was nested in order of decreasing aperture size from top to bottom. 4 The sample was placed on the top sieve and the sieves was agitated by mechanical sieve shaker for a sufficient period so that after completion, not more than one percent by weight of the residue on any individual sieve will pass that sieve. We will write a custom essay sample on Sieve Analysis Test Lab Report specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Sieve Analysis Test Lab Report specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Sieve Analysis Test Lab Report specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer

Civil Rights Museum in Greensboro, NC

Civil Rights Museum in Greensboro, NC In early 1960s, there was a lot of discrimination in the United States of America such that the blacks and the whites could not mingle in public places such as restaurants. The civil rights museum in Greensboro was established as a reminder and in honor of the four students who were pioneers in fighting for civil rights. For the people who have never experienced racial discrimination, they would understand its real meaning when they visit this museum. This paper will provide some insights about the museum.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Civil Rights Museum in Greensboro, NC specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More According to records of history in 1960 there were four freshmen college students who decided to go against segregations rules and decided to sit in an area designated for whites. The four students were not of the same race and their names were Franklin McCain, Joseph Mcnail, Ezell Blair and David Richmond (O.Henr y Hotel 1). These four students are thought to have set the pace for a campaign dubbed the sitting in movement. Rothstein explains that the museum is inside Woolworth building in Greensboro, which is one of the oldest buildings in the city (1). The museum is usually open on all days of the week except from Mondays. The building is very spacious because it has food joints and conference facilities and as well as big rooms for people who wish to conduct training sessions from there. The building is ideal for its purpose because it represent the old days in so many ways, such as its architectural design. The museum was established in 1993 by Melvin Alston and Earl Jones. The museum has a committee of five members who are under the chairmanship of Melvin Alston. The chairman of the committee is assisted by a vice chairman, secretary, and the treasurer. The museum has a management board that is comprised of the board of the directors including the chairman. Once you enter the museum you are ushered in by the exhibition tour guides who take you through the exhibition by explaining the meaning of various artifacts found in the museum. Without these guides, visitors would not enjoy their visit because they would not understand how the artifacts were used which is crucial in understanding history. There are video recordings that explain the events that took place during the struggle against discrimination. There are photographs of the four students who pioneered the sit in movement that was shot as they were walking out of a restaurant that was designated for whites only. There is a photograph named ‘all men are equal’ that displays how racial discrimination took place in America. This photo shows four black Americans in a restaurant, perhaps one of those set aside for whites. There is also a film that features the Greensboro four, that is, the four freshmen students as they were discussing their experiences with segregation laws. This film is thought to h ave been an eye opener because it is said that they started their campaign after they were done with their discussion (Bringle 1). There is a display called ‘the hall of shame’ that shows how the African-Americans were mistreated from the slavery period until the segregation period. Besides, there is a wall dedicated to the people who died in the struggle for human rights.Advertising Looking for essay on history? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The museum contains artifacts that tell more about historic happenings that are related to human right activism. Among the artifacts include a bus seat that bears the signature of an activist by the name Rosa parks. This seat implies that there were buses or seats that were designated for blacks and whites. There is a green book, travel guide, which was probably referred to by visitors in order to identify the guest houses and other amenities that were isolated fo r each race. There are so many artifacts but the most important thing is that they also tell the evolution in technology that has taken place. This is evidenced by the presence of a typewriter that is perceived to have been used by an African -American activist. Moreover, the kind of firearms used in those days is also portrayed by the photos. The artifacts demonstrate the skills of ancient people in painting, sculptures, and photography, among other disciplines. There is a gift shop within the museum that sells the artifacts to visitors who are willing to buy them. Original artifacts are normally expensive compared to imitations, but then most buyers do not know the difference between the two. The museum has really embraced technology because it has a website that contains its gift shop virtually. In addition to that, the visitors can book for their visits and obtain their tickets online through the use of the Internet. From the look of things, the activists have not yet ceased fro m fighting for equality among all the races that reside in America. This is because there are notices of upcoming events in the museum’s notice board that are used to remember those who died in the struggle for equality. At the end of the guided tour, every one was astonished to find out how our fore fathers were divided along racial lines. Of all the exhibits the one that really touched me was the seat that was signed by an activist. I could not imagine living in a world where some people think they are more special than others. In my view these segregations are the ones that triggered the campaigns against racial discrimination. Therefore, such historic places should be conserved for future generations. By this I mean that everything inside the museum plus the building should be safeguarded because they are the ones that help us to understand where we have come from and thus appreciate what we have achieved. Bringle, Jenifer. †Civil rights museum in Greensboro, N.C., Honors 1960 Protest at Lunch Counter.† The Washington Post. 21 Feb. 2010. Web.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Civil Rights Museum in Greensboro, NC specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More O.Henry Hotel. International Civil Rights Center Museum, Greensboro. 2010. Web. Rothstein, Edward. †Four Men, a Counter and Soon, Revolution.† New York Times. 31 Jan. 2010. Web.

How to Connect with Book Clubs

How to Connect with Book Clubs It can be difficult to find sources that allow authors access to book clubs. Clubs often like to choose their own books. So what’s an author to do if she doesn’t have a Top 5 publisher promoting her to clubs? Here are a few proven options that use a variety of methods and budgets to reach book clubs, plus free tips if you can’t afford the cost. For Book Club Lists: Where Writers Win Shari Stauch is CEO and creator of an online marketing site for emerging writers,  Where Writers Win. The site puts authors in charge of their own marketing for a reasonable annual fee. â€Å"Winner Circle is a place where you can find a list of vetted book clubs that you may approach and pitch your book as a book club selection.† The clubs on this site are up to date and open to pitches, and a template for querying clubs is provided. Writers such as William Lobb and J.C. Sasser have used it successfully. Both were picked up Stauch is offering a discount: $20 off the first year of membership; use code VIPW20 to pay $39.95. Visit  https://writerswin.com/join-today/  to sign up/access these book club lists. And This Free Tip:  Use Twitter and Goodreads to find book club bloggers, and check in at local libraries to see if they host book clubs. Some bookstores do as well. For Book Club Giveaways and Outreach: BookClubCookbook Since 2004,  BookClubCookbook.com  has been connecting fiction and nonfiction authors and publishers with thousands of devoted book discussion group members. I used them in 2010 and spoke to several book clubs that contacted me after finding the book on the site. They’ve grown exponentially since then. â€Å"It’s a loyal community of book lovers sharing books, recipes, and ideas to spice up book club discussions. . . . . Our promotions highlight messages from authors, book tours, book club speaking availability, and offer giveaways. We also provide author recipes and book club menu ideas, and are happy to help authors select or develop recipes to accompany their promotions,† writes cofounder Judy Gelman. See opportunities for authors and publishers. For children’s, MG, and YA authors, see the KidsBookClubbing. And This Free Tip:  Include contact information on your website specifically soliciting book clubs; join Skype for long distance interviews/talks. For Book Club Advertising: AuthorBuzz For me, AuthorBuzz was invaluable for putting me directly in touch with readers, increasing my mailing list Bookmovement advertises giveaways and new releases and provides reading guides and book lists to clubs. Contact either  AuthorBuzz.com  or  KidsBuzz.com  to start your promotional package. Packages can be customized, but the basic price for reaching this large number of book clubs is $750 for â€Å"BookClubbing.† Pricey, but this site has repeat customers and has launched many bestsellers. Note KidsBuzz has lower advertising rates. See kids pricing page.   And This Free Tip:  Posting on YouTube is free. Upload a video of you reading an excerpt and include a pitch to book clubs. Finally, be sure to develop a Reader’s Guide you can upload to your site or put at the back of the book, never be pushy when contacting clubs directly, and send thank you’s if you are selected or interviewed.

Summarize the article provided into one page Essay

Summarize the article provided into one page - Essay Example Feyerabend makes the claim that, unlike religion, science does not leave room for people to think freely. People have become so dependent on science that once something has been scientifically proven, it becomes law. Feyerabend says that it is this that has made science an anti-liberating ideology; people have regarded science as the superior mode of thought, refusing to let themselves think past anything that science has staked a claim. The counterargument in this regard is that science works and is a success. However, this is all the more reason to approach science with skepticism. Feyerabend does not consider results or success as much as he considers the method, which is always scientific; otherwise, the results are questionable. In regard to religion, Christians can question their beliefs against Buddhists and Jews. For each person, there will be a new side to an argument or theory. Science, on the other hand, does not allow this as an option. Once something has been proven scientifically, people let it go. They have no one else to glean an understanding from. Where there is an absence of contrary opinions, science is turned from an ideology into a dogma, providing a cut-off point for people to continue to think. People react to science much as they did when religions began to rise and spread. There was curiosity, skepticism, and a plethora of questions. Even after the rush of religion died down, all of this remained. When science first reared its head, it received a similar reaction. Everyone was curious and scientists set out to answer questions and find solutions. After they answered what they needed to, there was nothing more to do. People found it useless to continue to think on something that had already been answered. All the same, science is looked to as one of the greatest ideologies, and as the final voice on the thinking process, which is why Feyerabend believes that the hype surrounding science should not

1984 by George Orwell and Big Brother Research Paper

1984 by George Orwell and Big Brother - Research Paper Example Kellner writes, â€Å"The novel opens with evocations, frequently repeated that "BIG BROTHER IS WATCHING YOU." Then it quickly plunges the reader into an oppressive environment where omnipresent television sets not only incessantly broadcast government propaganda but actually serve as instruments of surveillance.† The subtle aspect of Communism as perceived by George Orwell is doublespeak. The Michal Buchowski at el. writes, â€Å"Communist language was forcefully brought home to the West by George Orwell in Nineteen Eighty-Four, especially in his notion of â€Å"doublethink.†(p.555) What is the working style of Big Brother and his associates and superiors? Their implication is—‘we don’t say whatever we say or do is correct. But whatever correct is there in the world belongs to us! How George Orwell highlights the serious shortcomings of the hardcore communist regimes with his satirical style by taking potshots at their methods of suppression of fre ewill of the people, through the character of Big Brother in 1984? The name of the watchtower through which Big Brother and his associates function is ‘totalitarianism.’ Buchowski at el writes, â€Å"The very term totalitarianism suggests a political problem: a form of rule so total as to leave no aspect of life untouched: a form of rule that is not merely dictatorial, but holds people in its grip so thoroughly that they become its puppets.†(p.557)... But the style of functioning as portrayed by George Orwell in his book 1984 seems to have been adopted in communist countries and partially in the West. This is the issue of control of history (including the censorship on print and electronic media), surveillance and corruption of language. Those who are assigned duties in these areas seem to salute the Big Brother every day, before the commencing their duties and carry out his instructions implicitly, as for tapping phones, intercept mails, enter residences unauthorisedly etc. Language corruption is being used as an important political propaganda weapon and with full knowledge of their double meaning. The words like socialist, war criminal, racist, democratic are used, as if Satan quotes the Bible. The hero of the book, Winston Smith, employed in the Ministry of truth is engrossed in rewriting and falsifying history, as per the demands of the present regime. Big Brother has a tremendous responsibility, to control the State of Oceani a. His â€Å"thought police† have to see that friends and enemies are kept under control. Oceania is at constant war with artificially created factions. Alliances are created and discredited; what is important for the Big Brother is the perennial hysteria, and to maintain the situation of confusion and to tell the people that something dangerous is being planned against the Nation by the opposition with vested interests. George Orwell, through Big Brother, gives lots of importance to past history—for the process to undo it and suppress the facts that are inconvenient to the present (Communist) regime. The supreme objective of the party is to retain and maintain power at all times and at all costs. It uses a variety of methods to keep the population under control. â€Å"War is peace† is one

Art Gallery Review Essay Example for Free

Art Gallery Review Essay I went to the Erotic Heritage Museum in Las Vegas, located on 3275 Industrial road (major cross-street Desert Inn) which opened in August of 2008. At the museum it holds, erotic art, exhibits, different timelines and a lot of illustrated history of erotica. There were many tasteful pieces of artwork, whether it be painting, magazine covers, posters, figures, and sculptures. I was also very excited to have actually seen the piece called â€Å"Venus of Willendorf† that is featured in our book on page 164. I took my time looking at all the different pictures to see which I would choose from to write about. Then I observed one, it was untitled, made in 2008 and the artists name is Fang. I did research on the artist and did not find much on her other than the fact that she is called â€Å"The ugly artist†. Fangs paintings have a BDSM feel for them and use acrylic on canvas. The particular picture I seen was of two beautiful women, one was dominant and the other a submissive. Both women had contour lines to show their figures off. Most of the colors were very vivid and had high intensity in it. The dominant woman wore a under bust patent leather type of corset with attached panties, and matching knee high stiletto boots. The submissive was totally undressed except for a shiny red o ring posture collar. The dominant woman had spider web tattoos on each shoulder that a spider connected to underneath her neckline. Both women had beautiful long flowing lines of black hair, with blue highlights. Bright red lipstick on both women and dark smoky eye makeup. The dominant woman’s facial expression was of confidence and superiority, while the submissive woman looked upwards as if to gain a sense of approval. The second picture that caught my eye was in the elevator going to the second floor. It is called â€Å"Love is an elevator†. It was a photograph on canvas and was done by a man named Richard Rasner. This picture was like a grid pattern due to the elevator setup and was very low intensity on the colors. It was mostly different shades of browns and light brown with hints of red. The picture was taken of the inside of an elevator with a female standing in front of a mirror that was inside the elevator with the door open as she looked back at the opening. She was gorgeous and seductively staring as if she was trying to lure someone into the elevator with her. She wore black lingerie and thigh high stockings. The painting was donated a year after the opening of the museum and didn’t have much more information. I did find out the same title â€Å"Love is an elevator† is a song by the rock band called Aerosmith. Another lovely painting I was drawn to on the second floor of this huge museum was by Fried Pa’l. He is known for painting beautiful nude women with oil on canvas. The colors of this piece are neutral, and low intensity browns throughout most of the painting. It shows this beautiful, confident, yet flirty woman lying on a neutral colored background of saturated colors. Her figure has contour lines to define her body shape. She has pale colored skin, light pink nipples, light golden brown hair which she has one of her hands in. Her makeup colors are turquoise eye shadow, and coral colored lipstick. Her expression says to me â€Å"I know I am beautiful, and you desire to be with me†. Even though you said to only do three I saw another picture definitely worth writing about. It was simply painted pink and white with acrylic on canvas, no title and not signed. However it was donated to the museum by Ron McCallister when he passed away. Ron McCallister was Walt Disney’s best friend. If you look at the pictures Walt Disney has done, he always puts light bubbles everywhere in his art and you can tell his brush strokes. He wasn’t the best artist and this picture definitely could be his work. It was a picture of a pink male penis on the left of the painting and on the right was of an open mouth with the tongue on the tip of the penis. This is said to be the only erotic art Walt Disney has ever produced because he knew his best friend was into erotic art. Overall my experience at the Erotic Heritage museum was very pleasant, nothing too distasteful. I found this place to be comical, and a great place to get knowledge about sexual behavior. There were many different pictures and news clippings, and information on the erotica. There were lots of statues and old art showing different cultures views on sex. There were different views of women’s vaginas on the walls and also homosexuality views as well. I also saw the first â€Å"vibrator† as we call it today but back then it was the fifth electronic appliance. I enjoyed all of the art that I reviewed about for all the uniqueness of it overall. Throughout the whole two floors of the museum I was not disgusted by any of it mostly because I have a very open mind and think â€Å"outside the box†. It all was displayed very well throughout the museum and all of the staff was very helpful.

Acme Productions Human Dynamics Analysis :: essays research papers fc

Acme Productions is one of the largest independent, full service television and video production companies in the country. Acme Productions was founded in 1981 and originally headquartered in Northern Virginia until 1991 when it expanded to a custom designed building for television production located in Washington D.C. With a full time professional staff of over 70 employees, Acme Productions has grown over 220% since the recruitment of a new President & COO in 1998, but in recent years their growth become unstable and profitability figures have started to decline (See Exhibit 1). Acme Productions has been a pillar in the Washington DC production community for over 23 years, offering remote production, studio production, program playback services, production management, editing, graphics production and design, film-to-tape transfer and color correction, audio editing/mixing, original music, video duplication, distribution via satellite, fiber and the Internet. Over the years, the company has invested over 40 million dollars in state-of-the-art technology and facilities. The company’s client base is both vast and diverse, and Acme Productions is known for its creative talent as well as the state-of-the-art technological resources. Acme Productions currently produces several highly rated broadcast television series for several of the top cable networks such as HBO, Showtime, MTV, Comedy Central, The Discover Channel, Animal Planet and ESPN. The company’s mission is to offer exceptional broadcast production management services, experienced technical staffing, creative production development and an unsurpassed broadcast production infrastructure. Their goal is to meet the needs of their clients and facilitate their vision from concept to completion. Their clients include major networks, government agencies, corporations, and independent producers. Acme Productions clients leverage their talent, experience, and infrastructure, to create full-scale live events, broadcast specials, and series. Today Acme Productions is known for its extreme f lexibility, efficiency, high quality standards and customer service. IDENTIFYING THE ISSUE Acme Production was a struggling company with low profitability and limited success up until 1998. That is the year that the Board of Directors decided it was time for a change and recruited a new President & COO, Mr. Bill Smith, to turn the company around and take the company to the next level. Mr. Smith quickly developed an aggressive 5-year business plan to turn the company around. This involved sweeping changes throughout the company to introduce and incorporate a new philosophy, technical infrastructure and managerial structure. Mr. Smith was seen as a visionary with a keen sight on the future and an aggressive pacesetting and coercive leadership style (Goleman).

Difference Entre Ifrs Us Gaap Swiss Gaap Fer

IFRS US GAAP Swiss GAAP FER Summary of similarities and differences 2007/2008 Edition 1 IFRS – US GAAP – Swiss GAAP FER Summary of similarities and differences 2007/2008 Edition This PricewaterhouseCoopers publication is for those who wish to gain a broad understanding of the key similarities and differences between IFRS, US GAAP and Swiss GAAP FER. No summary publication can do justice to the many differences of detail that exist between IFRS, US GAAP and Swiss GAAP FER. Even if the guidance is similar, there can be differences in the detailed application, which could have a material impact on the financial statements. It needs to be stressed that this brochure deals with the main differences only. Many more pages would be needed to be more comprehensive, but that was not our objective with this publication. This publication focuses on the measurement similarities and differences most commonly found in practice. When applying the individual accounting frameworks, readers should consult all the relevant accounting standards and, where applicable, their national law. Listed companies should also follow relevant securities regulations. IFRS and US GAAP are globally acknowledged accounting standards for which a broad range of theoretical background, interpretations and literature is available. Swiss GAAP FER focuses on accounting for small and medium sized organisations and groups based in Switzerland; if there are questions that are not answered by a respective standard, the general principle of a true and fair view should be applied. This summary is based on IFRS and US GAAP developments up to August 2007 and on Swiss GAAP FER as applicable from January 1, 2007. It does not cover Swiss GAAP FER 14 Consolidated financial statements of insurance companies, Swiss GAAP FER 21 Accounting for charitable, social non-profit organisations and Swiss GAAP FER 26 Accounting of pension plans. We trust you will find this publication useful in helping you identify the key differences between IFRS, US GAAP and Swiss GAAP FER. SUBJECT Accounting framework Historical cost or valuation IFRS US GAAP Swiss GAAP FER Generally uses historical cost, but intangible assets, property, plant and equipment (PPE) and investment property may be revalued to fair value. Derivatives, certain other financial instruments and biological assets are revalued to fair value. Full retrospective application of all IFRS effective at the reporting date for an entity’s first IFRS financial statements, with some optional exemptions and limited mandatory exceptions. Reconciliations of profit or loss in respect of the last period reported under previous GAAP, of equity at the end of that period and of equity at the start of the earliest period presented in comparatives must be included in an entity's first IFRS financial statements. No revaluations except for certain types of financial instrument. Basically, historical cost convention applies. However, for several balance sheet positions Swiss GAAP FER defines deviations from that convention (fair value) or allows choices between two options. First-time adoption requires a presentation of the prior year balance sheet in compliance with Swiss GAAP FER only. First-time adoption of accounting framework First-time adoption of US GAAP requires retrospective application. There is no requirement to present reconciliations of equity or profit or loss on first-time adoption of US GAAP. Financial statements Components of financial statements Two years’ balance sheets, income statements, cash flow statements, changes in equity and accounting policies and notes. Similar to IFRS, except three years required for SEC registrants for all statements except balance sheet. Specific accommodations in certain circumstances for foreign private issuers that may offer relief from the three-year requirement. Entities may present either a classified or non-classified balance sheet. Items on the face of the balance sheet are generally presented in decreasing order of liquidity. SEC registrants should follow SEC regulations. Similar to IFRS. Balance sheet Does not prescribe a particular format. A liquidity presentation of assets and liabilities is used, instead of a current/ non-current presentation, only when a liquidity presentation provides more relevant and reliable information. Certain minimum items are presented on the face of the balance sheet. Does not prescribe a particular format. A current/noncurrent presentation of assets and liabilities is used unless a liquidity presentation provides more relevant and reliable information. Certain minimum items are presented on the face of the balance sheet. A minimum structure is required. Several items have to be disclosed separately on the face of the balance sheet or within the notes. Income statement Present as either a single-step or multiple-step format. Expenditures are presented by function. SEC registrants should follow SEC regulations. A minimum structure is required, either by nature or by function. Several items have to be disclosed separately on the face of the income statement or within the notes. 3 SUBJECT Exceptional (significant) items IFRS Does not use the term but requires separate disclosure of items that are of such size, incidence or nature that separate disclosure is necessary to explain the performance of the entity. Prohibited. US GAAP Similar to IFRS, but individually significant items are presented on the face of the income statement and disclosed in the notes. Swiss GAAP FER Does not use the term exceptional, but significant items are to be disclosed separately. Extraordinary items Defined as being both infrequent and unusual, and are rare. Negative goodwill is presented as an extraordinary item. Total comprehensive income and accumulated other comprehensive income are disclosed, presented either as a separate primary statement or combined with the income statement or with the statement of changes in stockholders’ equity. Similar to IFRS except that US GAAP does not have a SoRIE, and SEC rules permit the statement to be presented either as a primary statement or in the notes. Defined as being extremely rare in the context of the ordinary operations and as being not predictable. Not addressed. Statement of recognised income and expense (SoRIE)/ Other comprehensive income and statement of accumulated other comprehensive income A SoRIE can be presented as a primary statement, in which case a statement of changes in shareholders’ equity is not presented. Alternatively, it may be disclosed separately within the primary statement of changes in shareholders’ equity. Statement shows capital transactions with owners, the movement in accumulated profit and a reconciliation of all other components of equity. The statement is presented as a primary statement except when a SoRIE is presented. In this case, only disclosure in the notes applies. Standard headings but limited guidance on contents. Use direct or indirect method. Statement of changes in shareholders’ (stockholders’) equity Similar to IFRS except SoRIE alternative. Certain minimum disclosures of components of equity and changes in equity. Cash flow statements – format and method Similar headings to IFRS, but more specific guidance for items included in each category. Direct or indirect method used. Similar to IFRS, except that bank overdrafts are excluded. Similar to IFRS, but with more guidance regarding contents and with examples of noncash transactions. Cash includes cash equivalents with maturities of three months or less from the balance sheet date and may include bank overdrafts. Similar to IFRS. Cash flow statements – definition of cash and cash equivalents Cash includes cash equivalents with maturities of three months or less from the date of acquisition and may include bank overdrafts. No exemptions. Cash flow statements – exemptions Changes in accounting policy Limited exemptions for certain investment entities and defined benefit plans. Similar to IFRS. Comparatives and prior year are restated against opening retained earnings, unless specifically exempted. Prior year financial statements have to be restated. The notes need to disclose why the accounting principle has changed, the nature of the change and its financial impact. Prior year financial statements have to be restated. Explanation and quantitative disclosure of the effects of errors within the notes. Correction of errors Comparatives are restated and, if the error occurred before the earliest prior period presented, the opening balances of assets, liabilities and equity for the earliest prior period presented are restated. Similar to IFRS. 4 SUBJECT Changes in accounting estimates IFRS Reported in income statement in the current period and future, if applicable. US GAAP Similar to IFRS. Swiss GAAP FER Changes in accounting estimates are to be reported in the income statement in the current period and future, if applicable, and to be disclosed within the notes. Consolidated financial statements Consolidation model Based on control, which is the power to govern the financial and operating policies. Control is presumed to exist when parent owns, directly or indirectly through subsidiaries, more than one half of an entity’s voting power. Control also exists when the parent owns half or less of the voting power but has legal or contractual rights to control, or de facto control (rare circumstances). The existence of currently exercisable potential voting rights is also taken into consideration. Consolidated where the substance of the relationship indicates control. A bipolar consolidation model is used, which distinguishes between a variable interest model and a voting interest model. The variable interest model is discussed below. Under the voting interest model, control can be direct or indirect and may exist with less than 50% ownership. ‘Effective control’, which is a similar notion to de facto control under IFRS, is very rarely if ever employed in practice. Control rinciple applies. Control is presumed to exist when parent owns, directly or indirectly through subsidiaries, more than one half of an entity’s voting power. Control also exists when the parent owns half or less of the voting power but has legal or contractual rights to control (e. g. shareholder commitment contract, majority in the supervisory body/management body). Special purposes entity (S PE) Variable interest entities (VIEs) are consolidated when the entity has a variable interest that will absorb the majority of the expected losses, receive a majority of the expected returns, or both. A voting interest entity, in which the entity holds a controlling financial interest, is consolidated. If a SPE meets the definition of a qualified SPE (QSPE), the transferor does not consolidate the QSPE. Organisations with a differing business activity are to be considered in the scope of consolidation. This also applies, as a matter of principle, for SPEs. Definition of associate Based on significant influence, which is the power to participate in the financial and operating policy decisions; presumed if 20% or greater interest. Equity method is used. Share of post-tax results is shown. Detailed information on associates’ assets, liabilities, revenue and profit/loss is required. Similar to IFRS, although the term â€Å"equity investment† is used instead of â€Å"associate†. Comparable to IFRS. Voting rights ;= 20% and ; 50% and control cannot be exercised. Presentation of associate results Disclosures about associates Similar to IFRS. Similar to IFRS. Comparable to IFRS. Not addressed. However, significant balance sheet information of non-consolidated organisations has to be disclosed if the value of those investments exceeds 20% of the group’s equity. If associated organisations report goodwill such goodwill will need to be disclosed within the notes. 5 SUBJECT Associate’s accounting policies IFRS Adjustments are made for consolidation purposes to the associate’s policies to conform to those of the investor. Both proportional consolidation and equity method permitted. Consolidated where substance of relationship indicates control (SIC-12 model). Entity’s own shares held by an employee share trust are accounted for as treasury shares. US GAAP No adjustment to accounting policies is required if the associate follows an acceptable alternative US GAAP treatment. Equity method required except in specific circumstances. Similar to IFRS except where specific guidance applies for Employee Stock Ownership Plans (ESOPs) in SOP 93-6. Swiss GAAP FER Similar to IFRS. Presentation of jointly controlled entities (joint ventures) Employee share (stock) trusts Similar to IFRS. Not addressed. Business combinations Types: acquisitions or mergers All business combinations are acquisitions, thus the purchase method is the only method of accounting that is allowed. Assets, liabilities and contingent liabilities of acquired entity are fair valued. If control is obtained in a partial acquisition of a subsidiary, the full fair value of assets, liabilities and contingent liabilities, including portion attributable to the minority (non-controlling) interest, is recorded on the consolidated balance sheet. Goodwill is recognised as the residual between the consideration paid and the percentage of the fair value of the business acquired. Liabilities for restructuring activities are recognised only when acquiree has an existing liability at acquisition date. Liabilities for future losses or other costs expected to be incurred as a result of the business combination cannot be recognised. Purchase method – contingent consideration Included in cost of combination at acquisition date if adjustment is probable and can be measured reliably. Stated at minority’s share of the fair value of acquired identifiable assets, liabilities and contingent liabilities. Similar to IFRS. Not addressed. Purchase method – fair values on acquisition There are specific differences to IFRS. Contingent liabilities of the acquiree are recognised if, by the end of the allocation period: †¢ theirfairvaluecanbe determined, or †¢ theyareprobableandcan be reasonably estimated. Specific rules exist for acquired in-process research and development (generally expensed). Some restructuring liabilities relating solely to the acquired entity may be recognised if specific criteria about restructuring plans are met. Comparable to IFRS. Net assets taken over in an acquisition are to be valued at fair values. Goodwill is recognised as the surplus of acquisition cost over the newly valued net assets and to be capitalised as an intangible asset. Contingent liabilities and restructuring liabilities not specifically addressed. Generally, not recognised until contingency is resolved and the amount is determinable. Stated at minority’s share of pre-acquisition carrying value of net assets. Not addressed. Purchase method – minority interests at acquisition Not addressed, but treatment would need to be disclosed as part of the consolidation principles. 6 SUBJECT Purchase method – intangible assets with indefinite useful lives and goodwill IFRS Capitalised but not amortised. Goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets are tested for impairment at least annually at either the cash-generating unit (CGU) level or groups of CGUs, as applicable. US GAAP Similar to IFRS, although the level of impairment testing and the impairment test itself are different. Swiss GAAP FER Goodwill: Either capitalise and amortise over useful life (normally five years; disclose the goodwill separate in the balance sheet or within the notes) or allocate directly to retained earnings at acquisition date only (in this case separate disclosure within the statement of changes in equity necessary and the effects of a theoretical capitalisation as well as of any impairment and ordinary amortisation have to be presented within the notes). For intangible assets with a useful life that cannot be clearly determined an amortisation period of five years is applied, in justified cases a period of twenty years at the most. Purchase method – negative goodwill The identification and measurement of acquiree’s identifiable assets, liabilities and contingent liabilities are reassessed. Any excess remaining after reassessment is recognised in income statement immediately. Not specifically addressed. Entities elect and consistently apply either purchase or pooling-of-interest accounting for all such transactions. Any remaining excess after reassessment is used to reduce proportionately the fair values assigned to noncurrent assets (with certain exceptions). Any excess is recognised in the income statement immediately as an extraordinary gain. Generally recorded at predecessor cost; the use of predecessor cost or fair value depends on a number of criteria. Not addressed, but treatment would need to be disclosed as part of the consolidation principles. Business combinations involving entities under common control Not addressed. Revenue recognition Revenue recognition Based on several criteria, which require the recognition of revenue when risks and rewards and control have been transferred and the revenue can be measured reliably. Similar to IFRS in principle, although there is extensive detailed guidance for specific types of transactions that may lead to differences in practice. Comparable to IFRS. Income is the inflow of benefits in the reporting period through increase of assets and/or decrease of liabilities that increase shareholders’ equity without receiving an investment from the shareholders. Income is only recognised if the related changes of assets and/or liabilities may be reliably determined. Not addressed. Multiple-element arrangements Revenue recognition criteria are applied to each separately identifiable component of a transaction to reflect the substance of the transaction – e. g. to divide one transaction into the sale of goods and to the subsequent servicing of those goods. No further detailed guidance exists. Arrangements with multiple deliverables are divided into separate units of accounting if deliverables in arrangement meet specified criteria outlined in EITF 00-21. Specific guidance exists for software vendors with multiple-element revenue arrangements. 7 SUBJECT Construction contracts IFRS Accounted for using percentage-of-completion (PoC) method. Completed contract method is prohibited. US GAAP Similar to IFRS; however, completed contract method is permitted in rare circumstances. Swiss GAAP FER Accounted for using the PoC method. Completed contract method required if preconditions for PoC method are not met. Expense recognition Interest expense Recognised on an accruals basis using the effective interest method. Interest incurred on borrowings to construct an asset over a substantial period of time is capitalised as part of the cost of the asset. Employee benefits: pension costs – defined benefit plans Projected unit credit method is used to determine benefit obligation and plan assets are recorded at fair value. Actuarial gains and losses can be deferred. If actuarial gains and losses are recognised immediately, they can be recognised outside the income statement. Similar to IFRS. Not addressed, in practice similar to IFRS. Interest incurred on borrowings to construct tangible fixed assets and inventories including long-term contracts may be capitalised. Swiss GAAP FER make use of the financial statements of the respective pension fund, if any. An organisation has to assess annually whether an economical benefit or economical obligations from a pension plan (and from a patronage fund) exists. Swiss GAAP FER alternatively allow the application of an international accounting standard (e. g. IFRS, US GAAP) in presenting the economical impact of pension obligations; however, entities applying this option only use respective prescriptions for pension obligations. Not addressed. Similar to IFRS with some differences in the detailed application. Similar to IFRS but with several areas of difference in detailed application. Actuarial gains and losses cannot be deferred and are recognised in accumulated other comprehensive income with subsequent amortisation to the income statement. Employee share-based payment transactions Expense for services purchased is recognised based on the fair value of the equity awarded or the liability incurred. Termination benefits arising from redundancies are accounted for similarly to restructuring provisions. Termination indemnity schemes are accounted for based on actuarial present value of benefits. Similar model to IFRS, although many areas of difference exist in application. Termination benefits Four types of termination benefits with three different timing methods for recognition. Termination indemnity schemes are accounted for as pension plans; related liability is calculated as either a vested benefit obligation or according to the actuarial present value of benefits. Termination benefits are accounted for as provisions and do not fall within the scope of Swiss GAAP FER 16 Pension benefit obligations. 8 SUBJECT Assets Acquired intangible assets IFRS US GAAP Swiss GAAP FER Capitalised if recognition criteria are met; amortised over useful life. Intangibles assigned an indefinite useful life are not amortised but reviewed at least annually for impairment. Revaluations are permitted in rare circumstances. Similar to IFRS, except revaluations are not permitted. Capitalised if they yield measurable economic benefits over several years. Amortisation over useful life. If the useful life cannot be clearly determined an amortisation period of five years is applied, in justified cases one of twenty years at the most. For intangible assets related to individuals the useful life may not exceed five years. Capitalisation allowed if recognition criteria are met. Swiss GAAP FER also mention expenses which cannot be capitalised (e. g. asic and applied research, internally generated goodwill). Comparable to IFRS. Internally generated intangible assets Research costs are expensed as incurred. Development costs are capitalised and amortised only when specific criteria are met. Unlike IFRS, both research and development costs are expensed as incurred, with the exception of some software and website development costs that are capitalised. Historical cos t is used; revaluations are not permitted. Property, plant and equipment Historical cost or revalued amounts are used. Regular valuations of entire classes of assets are required when revaluation option is chosen. Non-current assets are classified as held for sale if their carrying amount will be recovered principally through a sale transaction rather than through continuing use. A non-current asset classified as held for sale is measured at the lower of its carrying amount and fair value less costs to sell. Comparative balance sheet is not restated. A lease is a finance lease if substantially all risks and rewards of ownership are transferred. Substance rather than form is important. Amounts due under finance leases are recorded as a receivable. Gross earnings allocated to give constant rate of return based on (pre-tax) net investment method. Impairment is a one-step approach under IFRS and is assessed on the basis of discounted cash flows. If impairment is indicated, assets are written down to higher of fair value less costs to sell and value in use. Reversal of impairment losses is required in certain circumstances, except for goodwill. Non-current assets held for sale or disposal group Similar to IFRS. Not addressed. Practical interpretations comparable to IFRS. Leases – classification Similar to IFRS, but with more extensive form-driven requirements. Comparable to IFRS. Leases – lessor accounting Similar to IFRS, but with specific rules for leveraged leases. Not addressed. Impairment of long-lived assets held for use Impairment is a two-step approach under US GAAP. Firstly, impairment is assessed on the basis of undiscounted cash flows. If less than carrying amount, the impairment loss is measured as the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds fair value. Reversal of losses is prohibited. Similar to IFRS. 9 SUBJECT Investment property IFRS Measured at depreciated cost or fair value, with changes in fair value recognised in the income statement. US GAAP Treated the same as for other properties (depreciated cost). Industry-specific guidance applies to investor entities (for example, investment entities). Swiss GAAP FER Measured at historical cost or market value. Revaluation adjustments on fixed assets kept for investment purposes and recognised at market value must be recognised in the income statement. Comparable to IFRS, except that besides FIFO and weighted average method also LIFO and other methods are allowed to determine cost. Inventories Carried at lower of cost and net realisable value. FIFO or weighted average method is used to determine cost. LIFO prohibited. Reversal is required for subsequent increase in value of previous write-downs. Similar to IFRS; however, use of LIFO is permitted. Reversal of write-down is prohibited. Not specified. Generally historical cost used. Comparable to US GAAP. Biological assets Measured at fair value less estimated point-of-sale costs, with changes in valuation recognised in the income statement. Depends on classification of investment – if held to maturity or loans and receivables, they are carried at amortised cost; otherwise at fair value. Gains/ losses on fair value through profit or loss classification (including trading instruments) are recognised in income statement. Gains and losses on available-for-sale investments, whilst the investments are still held, are recognised in equity. Financial assets are derecognised based on risks and rewards first; control is secondary test. Financial assets – measurement Similar accounting model to IFRS, with some detailed differences in application. Financial assets (â€Å"Finanzanlagen†) are to be recognised at acquisition value. Securities as part of current assets are to be valued at fair value. Receivables are valued at par value. Liabilities are normally recorded at par value. Derivatives have to be valued depending on their classification (trading, hedging or other than trading or hedging). Derecognition of financial assets Significantly different model to IFRS and derecognition is based on control. Requires legal isolation of assets even in bankruptcy. Only derecognition of derivatives addressed. Liabilities Provisions – general Liabilities relating to present obligations from past events recorded if outflow of resources is probable (defined as more likely than not) and can be reliably estimated. Restructuring provisions recognised if detailed formal plan (identifying specified information) announced or implementation effectively begun. Similar to IFRS. However, ‘probable’ is a higher threshold than ‘more likely than not’. Similar to IFRS. Provisions – restructuring Recognition of liability based solely on commitment to plan is prohibited. In order to recognise, restructuring plan has to meet the definition of a liability, including certain criteria regarding likelihood that no changes will be made to plan or that plan will be withdrawn. General recognition criteria apply also for restructuring provisions. Decisions taken may allow recognising provision, also before detailed formal plan is announced. 10 SUBJECT Contingencies IFRS Disclose unrecognised possible losses and probable gains. Full provision method is used (some exceptions) driven by balance sheet temporary differences. Deferred tax assets are recognised if recovery is probable (more likely than not). Recognised as deferred income and amortised when there is reasonable assurance that the entity will comply with the conditions attached to them and the grants will be received. Entities may offset capital grants against asset values. Finance leases are recorded as assets and obligations for future rentals. Depreciated over useful life of asset. Rental payments are apportioned to give constant interest rate on outstanding obligation. Operating lease rentals are charged on straight-line basis. Profit arising on sale and finance leaseback is deferred and amortised. If an operating lease arises, profit recognition depends on whether the transaction is at fair value. Substance/linkage of transactions is considered. US GAAP Similar to IFRS. Swiss GAAP FER Contingent liabilities need to be disclosed within the notes. Comparable to IFRS. Deferred tax assets on temporary differences and on tax losses carried forward may only be capitalised if it is probable that they an be realised in the future through sufficient taxable profits. Not addressed. Deferred income taxes – general approach Similar to IFRS but with specific differences in application. Government grants Similar to IFRS, except when conditions are attached to grant. In this case, revenue recognition is delayed until such conditions are met. Long-lived asset contribu tions are recorded as revenue in the period received. Similar to IFRS. Specific rules should be met to record operating or capital lease. Leases – lessee accounting Comparable to IFRS. Leases – lessee accounting: sale and leaseback transactions Timing of profit and loss recognition depends on whether seller relinquishes substantially all or a minor part of the use of the asset. Losses are immediately recognised. Specific strict criteria should be considered if the transaction involves real estate. Application of the US GAAP guidance may result in significant differences to IFRS, for example, certain redeemable instruments are permitted to be classified as â€Å"mezzanine equity† (i. e. outside of permanent equity but also separate from debt). Conventional convertible debt is usually recognised entirely as a liability, unless there is a beneficial conversion feature. For finance leases, profit arising on sale and finance leaseback is deferred and amortised. Losses have to be recognised immediately. Financial liabilities versus equity classification Capital instruments are classified, depending on substance of issuer’s contractual obligations, as either a liability or equity. Mandatorily redeemable preference shares are classified as liabilities. Not addressed. Convertible debt Convertible debt (fixed number of shares for a fixed amount of cash) is accounted for on split basis, with proceeds allocated between equity and debt. Liabilities are derecognised when extinguished. Difference between carrying amount and amount paid is recognised in income statement. Not addressed. Derecognition of financial liabilities Similar to IFRS. Not addressed. 11 SUBJECT Equity instruments Capital instruments – purchase of own shares Derivatives and hedging Derivatives IFRS US GAAP Swiss GAAP FER Show as deduction from equity. Similar to IFRS. Similar to IFRS. Derivatives not qualifying for hedge accounting are measured at fair value with changes in fair value recognised in the income statement. Hedge accounting is permitted provided that certain stringent qualifying criteria are met. Similar to IFRS. However, differences can arise in the detailed application. Derivatives for trading purposes are to be recognised at fair value. For derivatives for hedging purposes, the same valuation principles as for the underlying hedged position can be applied instead of the valuation at fair values. Derivatives held for other motives than hedging or trading are to be valued at fair values or according to the lower of cost or market principle (in all cases consistent criteria for valuation have to be applied). Other accounting and reporting topics Functional currency definition Currency of primary economic environment in which entity operates. If indicators are mixed and functional currency is not obvious, judgement is used to determine functional currency that most faithfully represents economic results of entity’s operations by giving priority to currency that mainly influences sales prices and currency that mainly influences direct costs of providing the goods and services before considering the other factors. When financial statements are presented in a currency other than the functional currency, assets and liabilities are translated at exchange rate at balance sheet date. Income statement items are translated at exchange rate at dates of transactions, or average rates if rates do not fluctuate significantly. Similar to IFRS. Not addressed. Functional currency – determination Similar to IFRS; however, no specific hierarchy of factors to consider. In practice, currency in which cash flows are settled is often key consideration. Not addressed. Presentation currency Similar to IFRS. Financial statements in a foreign currency that are consolidated must be converted to the currency of the consolidated financial statements. Balance sheet items are to be converted at the exchange rates at the balance sheet date (alternatively use of average exchange rate for the last week or for the last month of the business period). Income statement and cash flow statement items may be converted at the exchange rates at the balance sheet date or at an average exchange rate for the period. 12 SUBJECT Earnings per share – diluted IFRS IAS 33 is prescriptive about the procedure and methods used to determine whether potential shares are dilutive. ‘Treasury share’ method is used for share options/ warrants. US GAAP Similar in principle to IFRS, although there are differences in application. Swiss GAAP FER Not addressed. Related-party transactions – definition Determined by level of direct or indirect control, joint control and significant influence of one party over another or common control by another entity. Name of the parent entity is disclosed and, if different, the ultimate controlling party, regardless of whether transactions occur. For related-party transactions, nature of relationship (seven categories), amount of transactions, outstanding balances, terms and types of transactions are disclosed. Disclosure of compensation of key management personnel is required within the financial statements. Applies to public entities and entities that file, or are in the process of filing, financial statements with a regulator for the purposes of issuing any instrument in a public market. Reporting of operating segments is based on those segments reported internally to entity’s chief operating decision-maker for purposes of allocating resources and assessing performance. Disclosures for operating segments are profit or loss, total assets and, if regularly reported internally, liabilities. Other items, such as external revenues, intra-segment revenues, depreciation and amortisation, tax, interest income, interest expense and various material items, are disclosed by segment where such items are included in the segment profit/loss or are reported internally. For geographical areas in which the entity operates, revenues and noncurrent assets are reported. Disclosure of factors used to identify segments and about major customers is required. Similar to IFRS. Comparable to IFRS. Related-party transactions – disclosures Similar to IFRS except that disclosure of compensation of key management personnel is not required within the financial statements. Disclose a description, the volume and other significant conditions of the transaction. The identity of the related party has to be disclosed only if this is necessary for the understanding of the transaction. Related parties with whom no transactions have been carried out during the reporting period do not need to be disclosed. Segment reporting – scope and basis of disclosures Applies to SEC registrants. Basis of reporting is similar to IFRS. Geographic market and business segment information necessary if business sectors differ significantly. Geographical markets may comprise more than one country. Segment reporting – disclosures Similar disclosures to IFRS. Breakdown of net sales from goods and services by geographic and business segments only. 13 SUBJECT Discontinued operations – definition IFRS Operations and cash flows that can be clearly distinguished for financial reporting and represent a separate major line of business or geographical area of operations, or a subsidiary acquired exclusively with a view to resale. At a minimum, a single amount is disclosed on face of income statement, and further analysis disclosed in notes, for current and prior periods. Financial statements are adjusted for subsequent events providing evidence of conditions that existed at the balance sheet date and materially affecting amounts in financial statements (adjusting events). Non-adjusting events are disclosed. Contents are prescribed and basis should be consistent with full-year statements. Frequency of reporting (e. g. quarterly, half-year) is imposed by local regulator or is at discretion of entity. US GAAP Wider definition than IFRS. Component that is clearly distinguishable operationally and for financial reporting can be a reportable segment, operating segment, reporting unit, subsidiary or asset group. Similar to IFRS. Discontinued operations are reported as separate line items on face of income statement before extraordinary items. Similar to IFRS. Swiss GAAP FER Not addressed. Discontinued operations – presentation and main disclosures Not addressed. Post-balance-sheet events Similar to IFRS. Interim financial reporting Similar to IFRS. Additional quarterly reporting requirements apply for SEC registrants (domestic US entities only). Interim reporting requirements for foreign private issuers are based on local law and stock exchange requirements. Preparation of an interim report optional, it might be required by local regulators. Condensed income statement and condensed balance sheet as a minimum. Those must include at least the major captions and subtotals that were reflected in the most recent annual financial statements. Financial information contained in the interim report must be prepared on the basis of the same principles as the annual financial statements. 14 Contact Daniel Suter, Partner, Basel Tel. 058 792 51 00 E-Mail: daniel. [email  protected] pwc. com PricewaterhouseCoopers (www. pwc. com) provides industry-focused assurance, tax & legal and advisory services to build public trust and enhance value for its clients and their stakeholders. More than 146,000 people in 150 countries across our network connect their thinking, experience and solutions to develop fresh perspectives and practical advice.  © 2008 PricewaterhouseCoopers. All rights reserved. PricewaterhouseCoopers refers to the network of member firms of PricewaterhouseCoopers International Limited, each of which is a separate and independent legal entity. www. wc. ch Aarau Bleichemattstrasse 43, 5000 Aarau Tel. 058 792 61 00, Fax 058 792 61 10 Basel St. Jakobs-Strasse 25, 4002 Basel Tel. 058 792 51 00, Fax 058 792 51 10 Berne Bahnhofplatz 10, 3001 Berne Tel. 058 792 75 00, Fax 058 792 75 10 Chur Gartenstrasse 3, 7001 Chur Tel. 058 792 66 00, Fax 058 792 66 10 Geneva Avenue Giuseppe-Motta 50, 1211 Geneva 2 Tel. 058 792 91 00, Fax 058 792 91 10 Lausanne Avenue C. F. 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Fat Burning Myths and Aerobics

For the past twenty years, everyone followed fitness professionals, nutritionists, dieticians and aerobic instructors repeated recommendations to follow a low fat diet and attend aerobic classes twice a week. According to experts, low fat diets and aerobic exercise were the only effective way to lose weight. Rapid increase of qualified fitness professionals only accomplished teaching everyone endless ways of how not to lose weight, or which exercise habits do not work. Professionals have yet to come up with resolutions that do burn fat. â€Å"It’s a Fact–Americans are getting fatter. Experts suggest that 75 percent of Americans will be overweight by 2015, and 41 percent of that group will be obese. Along with our burgeoning waistlines, the business of weight loss has become huge.†(Villarosa, 2007)   When aerobics for weight loss are encouraged by any professional, including medical doctors, it is assumed the only acceptable form of aerobics were organized class es through a qualified instructor. Although the only visible evidence aerobic classes and low fat diets trim waistlines are only words written on paper, people continue to be deceived into thinking they can purchase their ideal fitness levels.The market is flooded with a new fitness facility on every corner, a new diet, or new weight loss video created based on latest breakthrough research. New fitness programs based on the latest breakthrough research have been created for the past twenty five years with each new weight loss book, video or diet leading consumers farther from their fitness goals.With promises of weight loss, aerobic classes increased in popularity overnight. Falling short of the improved fitness promises, aerobic classes remain popular. The industry attract customers using fitness promises to sell their products. Knowledgeable professionals use their education to gain peoples trust. There are an abundance of fitness professionals to explain technical details of the human system, naming scientific names for every muscle in the body. Educating the public with all this physiological knowledge does not result in more fat burning during aerobic classes.When fitness programs fail to keep their promises, even with financial obligations, or the trial period to return the item has passed, the focus switches off fitness goals. Fitness myths continue because lies are always explained away. After realizing one hour aerobics class twice a week is hardly vigorous enough to shed a pound, dietary habits are blamed.After exposure of dietary myths, experts blame hereditary.   Popular fitness magazines write informative articles bringing newfound knowledge to customers explaining the cardio system and it relates to aerobics. The only people who will waste time reading article after article or listening to sales people’s lectures on human anatomy are the ones trying to tell someone the fitness advice is not delivering the promised results. People are tol d losing weight is beyond their capacity when there are no visible results from aerobic classes.With professional’s enthusiasm to educate every client on scientific details of fitness, basic commonsense diet and exercise understanding is forgotten. The intensity level involving any activity determines weight loss results. It is common knowledge that excess body weight is unused calories or unused energy. Repeated muscle contraction burns up energy. The faster and more frequent the muscular contractions, more energy is consumed, muscles become fitter, stronger and more efficient. Stronger, fitter muscles move easier, allowing more calorie consumption during everyday routine activities.â€Å"The energy required for muscle contraction comes from the breakdown of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), a substance that is present in the cells and is formed during cellular respiration.†(â€Å"Muscle,† 2007)   In simple terms, ATP is the scientific procedures explaining how v igorous exercise or repeated rapid muscle contraction burns stored body fat. Muscles, proteins, and engaged cells break down the stored energy the same way during aerobics, power walking, rollerblading, weight training, biking, mountain climbing, running stairs, or playing basketball.Analyzing the term aerobic can give someone the misconception long term endurance exercising is essential for weight loss. Aerobic relates to oxygen or air. An aerobically fit person understandably has a healthy respiratory system. Anaerobic is the opposite of aerobic, using maximum muscular strength. â€Å"Anaerobic endurance is a short-term, high intensity muscular effort–less than about two minutes; cardiovascular endurance involves muscular effort for a much longer duration.†(Brzycki, 1993)   For years, experts believed a person could not exercise the muscular system and the cardio system simultaneously without sustaining serious injury or building oversized muscles.â€Å"Keep in mi nd that compared to fat, muscle is very dense. Increase your muscle mass and your metabolism gets an automatic boost. Muscle weighs more than fat so it's possible to build muscle mass and gain weight but appear smaller visually because you've decreased your overall fat percentage.† (Hanlon, 2007, p. 28) Adding weights to a cardio workout increases muscular contraction’s capacity, making the ATP breakdown more thorough. Aerobic classes, the most moderate walking program and even daily tasks such as shopping or house cleaning potentially engages higher percentage of working muscles adding ankle and wrist weights.â€Å"When you exercise, your muscles burn sugar, fat or protein in the presence of oxygen to produce energy. If you exercise so intensely that you become short of breath and your muscles can't get enough oxygen, lactic acid accumulates in your muscles.   Lactic acid removes the chloride, so it is easier for potassium to get back inside cells. Therefore lactic acid increases the ratio of potassium inside cells to the amount outside, and this helps the muscle contract with more efficiency.† (â€Å"Study: Lactic Acid Not,† 2007, p. C10) Combining weight training with aerobic activity decreases the exerciser’s size.Cardio training can be fast weight lifting. Depending on gender, and as long as no supplements are used, the amount of weight during workout routines does not determine muscle size. People working towards a visually larger appearance lift weights very slowly, making sure to workout the muscles on the release. This is called working out the negative muscles. Either light weights or heavy weights used at a very slow speed will increase body size. Working out with heavy or light weights at aerobic pace utilizes fast twitch muscle fibers reducing body size. Anaerobic exercises or exercise strategies using fast-twitch muscle fibers are effective for fat burning.Experts never encourage vigorous exercise; it is up to the individual to experiment with effective fat burning exercises. The fitness industry, including fitness magazines, is designed for people who have very little or no previous knowledge of workouts. The term aerobic directly relating to the cardiovascular system is one of the reasons it was the only effective exercises resulting in fat loss.   High speed muscle contraction, the build up of lactic acid, the breakdown of ATP, burns up stored fat. Endurance or aerobic training takes a long time to get muscles to the point of exhaustion. Using muscles to their maximum cannot be taught in a one hour aerobic class because the weakest fitness levels must be considered when choreographing such exercise sessions.ReferencesBourne, G. H. (Ed.). (1960). The Structure and Function of Muscle. New York: Academic Press. Retrieved March 2, 2008, from Questia database: http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o;d=91183119Brzycki, M. (1993). Strength Testing – Predicting a One-Rep Max from Reps-to-Fa tigue. JOPERD–The Journal of Physical Education, Recreation & Dance, 64(1), 88+. Retrieved March 2, 2008, from Questia database: http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=5002191543Muscle. (2007). In The Columbia Encyclopedia (6th ed.). New York: Columbia University Press. Retrieved March 2, 2008, from Questia database: http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o;d=112875101Adenosine Triphosphate. (2007). In The Columbia Encyclopedia (6th ed.). New York: Columbia University Press. Retrieved March 2, 2008, from Questia database: http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o;d=112842222Hanlon, K. (2007, June). Health and Fitness: Strong . and Lean. Dance Magazine, 81, 28. Retrieved March 2, 2008, from Questia database: http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o;d=5021239018Study: Lactic Acid Not So Bad. (2007, May 20). The Washington Times, p. C10. Retrieved March 2, 2008, from Questia database: http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o;d=5020836376Villarosa, A. (2007, October). Fat vs. Fad: Demystifying Diet and Exercise Programs. Ebony, 62, 165+. Retrieved March 2, 2008, from Questia database: http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o;d=5023144778

Elizabeth Cady Stanton Quotes on Women, Equality Life

Elizabeth Cady Stanton Quotes on Women, Equality Life One of the best-known of the mothers of woman suffrage, Elizabeth Cady Stanton helped organize the 1848 womans rights convention in Seneca Falls, where she insisted on leaving in a demand for the vote for women despite strong opposition, including from her own husband. Stanton worked closely with Susan B. Anthony, writing many of the speeches which Anthony traveled to deliver. Selected Elizabeth Cady Stanton Quotations We hold these truths to be self-evident: that all men and women are created equal.Truth is the only safe ground to stand upon.But when at last woman stands on an even platform with man, his acknowledged equal everywhere, with the same freedom to express herself in the religion and government of the country, then, and not until then, will he be able to legislate as wisely and generously for her as for himself.The moment we begin to fear the opinions of others and hesitate to tell the truth that is in us, and from motives of policy are silent when we should speak, the divine floods of light and life no longer flow into our souls.Self-development is a higher duty than self-sacrifice.The happiest people I have known have been those who gave themselves no concern about their own souls, but did their uttermost to mitigate the miseries of others.I am always busy, which is perhaps the chief reason why I am always well.Whatever the theories may be of womans dependence on man, in the supreme m oments of her life he can not bear her burdens. (from Solitude of Self) Nature never repeats herself, and the possibilities of one human soul will never be found in another. (from Solitude of Self)Because man and woman are the complement of one another, we need womans thought in national affairs to make a safe and stable government.Woman will always be dependent until she holds a purse of her own.A mind always in contact with children and servants, whose aspirations and ambitions rise no higher than the roof that shelters it, is necessarily dwarfed in its proportions.It requires philosophy and heroism to rise above the opinion of the wise men of all nations and races.Womanhood is the great fact in her life; wifehood and motherhood are but incidental relations.Women have crucified the Mary Wollstonecrafts, the Fanny Wrights, and the George Sands of all ages. Men mock us with the fact and say we are ever cruel to each other.Men say we are ever cruel to each other. Let us end this ignoble record and henceforth stand by womanhood. If Victoria Woodhull must b e crucified, let men drive the spikes and plait the crown of thorns. So long as women are slaves, men will be knaves.It would be ridiculous to talk of male and female atmospheres, male and female springs or rains, male and female sunshine . . . . how much more ridiculous is it in relation to mind, to soul, to thought, where there is as undeniably no such thing as sex, to talk of male and female education and of male and female schools. [written with Susan B. Anthony]To throw obstacles in the way of a complete education is like putting out the eyes.The prejudice against color, of which we hear so much, is no stronger than that against sex. It is produced by the same cause, and manifested very much in the same way. The negros skin and the womans sex are both prima facie evidence that they were intended to be in subjection to the white Saxon man.Women of all classes are awakening to the necessity of self-support, but few are willing to do the ordinary useful work for which they are fitted.The heyday of womans life is the shady side of fifty.I think if wo men would indulge more freely in vituperation, they would enjoy ten times the health they do. It seems to me they are suffering from repression. [at the 1893 Parliament of the Worlds Religions] The new religion will teach the dignity of human nature and its infinite possibilities for development. It will teach the solidarity of the race that all must rise and fall as one. Its creed will be justice, liberty, equality for all the children of earth.The Bible and the Church have been the greatest stumbling blocks in the way of womens emancipation.The memory of my own suffering has prevented me from ever shadowing one young soul with the superstitions of the Christian religion.Among the clergy we find our most violent enemies, those most opposed to any change in womans position.I asked them why one read in the synagogue service every week the I thank thee, O Lord, that I was not born a woman. It is not meant in an unfriendly spirit, and it is not intended to degrade or humiliate women. But it does, nevertheless. Suppose the service read, I think thee, O Lord, that I was not born a jackass. Could that be twisted in any way into a compliment to the jackass? More About Elizabeth Cady Stanton Elizabeth Cady Stanton BiographySolitude of SelfComments on Genesis: Excerpt from The Womans Bible, Stanton About These Quotes Quote collection assembled by Jone Johnson Lewis. Â  This is an informal collection assembled over many years. I regret that I am not be able to provide the original source if it is not listed with the quote.

Arizona State Museum building located in the University of Arizona Essay

Arizona State Museum building located in the University of Arizona - Essay Example This will take into consideration of the context, audience and the visual impact. I hope to comprehend and convey to the reader how this type of building is designed and the type of collections of the building employ the use ethos, pathos, and ethos. Audience : My audience will be the teacher of my English class. He has in depth comprehension of rhetorical appeals, in this regard I must present my argument using the accurate knowledge of rhetoric. I am obliged to avoid advocating and generalizing. Context: My paper will be one of the papers that my teacher will read this assignment, so I have to be insightful and creative in my analysis. I have to make arguments in order to grab his attention. Outline Introduction: I plan on using my introduction to establish my own ethos as well as describe the the structure and design of the building that is being analyzed. I will describe my experience in and outside of the Arizona State Museum building which will help the reader to understand tha t I had the opportunity to analyze the building at is significance in the University of Arizona. ... Introduction When we think about teaching rhetoric and critiquing rhetorical acts, we base out thoughts on text and artifacts that are primarily oral or written. Nonetheless, our day to day experiences are saturated with the rhetorical invocation that move beyond the written word to visual. The objective of this essay is to explore the multi – modality of the rhetoric and illustrates how we think about the rhetoric on a wider perspective. The arguments regarding architecture particularly invoke this focus that deals with the nature objects, spaces and artifacts (Rosteck 45). This case study looks at one specific building known as Arizona State Museum building in order to show how this type of rhetoric takes place. Despite the distinct content of the building, the visual, textual and experimental are all used mimetically. This means that multi- model rhetoric on this site imitates the form a function of a natural history museum in order to persuade its visitors of its legitimac y. The Arizona State Museum building is the oldest and the largest anthropology museum located in the southwest region of the campus was established in 1893 by the Arizona Territorial Legislature. This building is the state’s official permitting agency for archeology and paleontologist projects. This is one of the oldest research units at the University of Arizona. It is known for hosting numerous researchers around the world and allow them to use the collection to expand their frontier of their knowledge in enthology, ethnohistory and archeology. The museum resides among several buildings. Most of these buildings look similar as they are made of stone colored concrete slabs and reflective

The cost of shortselling (finance) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

The cost of shortselling (finance) - Essay Example procedures are discussed in depth to show that the chances of making a profit through short selling are as high as incurring a loss due to this activity. It all depends on how accurately an operator is able to predict the future market movements of stocks that are sold short. Mutual Funds hold largest number of stocks and are the most active operators in stock market. So, some analysts feel that if the additional costs related exclusively to short selling are added to the average cost of transactions undertaken by Mutual Funds, a correct value of the costs of short selling can be obtained. But the reasons why this approach would never give a true indication of short selling costs have been explained in a cogent manner. Finally, the assignment ends with a strong argument against branding short sellers as precursors of misfortune. â€Å"Short selling† is a very common term in stock exchanges. In simple terms, if a seller sells stocks which are not owned by them, then they are selling it short. This is possible if the seller borrows those stocks from a broker for a limited period and would return those stocks later. In order to do this, the short seller must have an account with the broker. That account could be either cash account or margin account. A cash account requires all transactions to be settled in cash while in a margin account the broker comes forward with finance or securities, as the case may be, to fulfill temporary requirements of the investor. The investor has to; of course, provide collateral securities for all the shares that they borrow. One of the most pertinent costs of short selling is the interest foregone on the securities that are presented as collateral to the broker. A short seller undertakes these transactions because they have a hunch that the price of securities would go down in future. So when they would buy those stocks from open market for returning to the broker they would be able to do so at a lower price than at which they had

Fanatic Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Fanatic - Essay Example ered all 5 seasons of the show from Amazon and watched it over and over until I finally had to do an intervention and tell her parents to threaten to take away her DVD player privileges. I knew it has got out of hand when she started to quote dialogues from the shows episodes as life lessons and spoke about Laura Holt and Remington Steele, characters from the show, considering them as real people. I needed to get her away from the shows influence and fast. I thought she began going down the deep end and I did not want the responsibility of becoming the one who turned my sister into a person obsessed with a television show. But as I continued to observe her in the virtual world of Remington Steele that she had discovered on the internet, I came to understand that I worried about something that did not exist. My sister had joined a fan community online that gathered together twice a week to talk about the show and its stars, Stephanie Zimbalist and Pierce Brosnan. These people shared the same interest as my sister, and the story of the shows and its stars influenced all of them well. Vangies fanatical following of the show and her friendship with other die-hard fans of the show even helped my sister develop a sense of self confidence and a self challenging attitude that she did not have before. Prior to discovering Remington Steele and connecting with its other fans, my sister, an introvert, did not really have much social skills and did not have any interest beyond using the computer for playing internet games. But these people encouraged her to make fan videos, write fan fiction, and even start a blog about the show. Somehow, my sister found the courage to try all of the activities that they suggested to her. Now, the Remington Steele fanatic has her own video channel where she shows off her Remington Steele-centric fan videos. She has even managed to get Judith Moose, the publicist of the shows female lead Stephanie Zimbalist, to watch one of her fan videos,